Tristearin, also known by its chemical name glyceryl tristearate, is a triglyceride composed of glycerol and three stearic acid molecules. It is identified by the CAS number 555-43-1 and appears as a white, waxy solid at room temperature.
Chemical Structure and Properties
– Molecular Formula: C₅₇H₁₁₀O₆
– Molecular Weight: 891.48 g/mol
– Appearance: White to off-white solid or powder
– Melting Point: ~72°C to 73°C
– Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents like chloroform, benzene, and ether.
Tristearin belongs to the family of triglycerides, where three fatty acid chains are esterified to a glycerol backbone. In this case, all three chains are stearic acid, a saturated fatty acid.
Applications in Non-Food Industries
Despite being derived from naturally occurring fatty acids, Tristearin is widely used in various industrial applications unrelated to food. Some of its key roles include:
1. Cosmetics and Personal Care
– Used as an emollient, thickener, and opacifier in skincare and cosmetic formulations.
– Enhances the texture and stability of creams, lotions, and balms.
– Offers skin-conditioning properties in topical applications.
2. Plastics and Polymers
– Functions as a lubricant and release agent in the production of plastic and rubber goods.
– Assists in improving mold flow and reducing wear on processing equipment.
– Can be used in polymer formulations to modify surface properties and texture.
3. Pharmaceuticals
– Acts as a binding agent in tablet manufacturing.
– Can serve as a base material for suppositories and ointments.
– Known for its biocompatibility and stability under formulation conditions.
4. Candles and Waxes
– Added to wax blends to improve hardness and burning characteristics.
– Offers a smooth texture and clean-burning properties in candle manufacturing.
5. Textiles and Lubricants
– Used in fiber processing and textile finishing as a softener or antistatic agent.
– May be part of metalworking fluids and other specialty lubricants due to its stable, waxy nature.
Environmental and Safety Considerations
Tristearin is considered non-toxic, biodegradable, and generally safe to handle with standard precautions. However, it is advisable to:
– Avoid inhalation of fine powders.
– Prevent contact with eyes or prolonged contact with skin.
– Store in a cool, dry environment away from sources of ignition.
Always consult the material safety data sheet (MSDS) for specific handling and disposal guidelines.
Summary
Tristearin (CAS: 555-43-1) is a versatile triglyceride widely utilized across cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, polymers, and industrial applications. Its chemical stability, waxy consistency, and non-reactive nature make it valuable in manufacturing processes that demand consistency and performance without toxicity concerns. Though derived from fatty acids, its value in non-edible industrial roles continues to expand across multiple sectors.
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